Resistencia a antibióticos generada mediante mutaciones cromosómicas en aislados de Escherichia coli provenientes de coprocultivos de niños de una comunidad de Lima, Perú

Brenda Ayzanoa; Diego Cuicapuza; Pablo Tsukayama

doi:10.59594/iicqp.2024.v2n1.77

Authors

Brenda Ayzanoa Laboratorio de Genómica Microbiana, Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-9544
Diego Cuicapuza Emerge (Emerging Diseases and Climate Change Research Unit), Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-4614
Pablo Tsukayama Laboratorio de Genómica Microbiana, Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima,Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1669-2553

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59594/iicqp.2024.v2n1.77

Keywords:

Antibiotic Resistance, Chromosome Structures, Escherichia coli, Child

Abstract

Escherichia coli is an enterobacterium that is part of the intestinal microbiome of mammals and is capable of causing various diseases, especially in vulnerable populations. Additionally, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant variants of E. coli poses a growing global threat to public health. This resistance is usually encoded by multiple genes, which code for the expression of enzymes, membrane proteins, porins, efflux pumps, or target molecule mutations. Recent research has reported specific resistance-associated mutations, such as qnr, pmrB, glpT, and the bla variant (C32T). The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of chromosomal mutations that confer antibiotic resistance in E. coli genomes from children in the district of Villa El Salvador in Lima, Peru. A total of 19 complete E. coli genomes were downloaded from Bioproject PRJNA633873 located at NCBI GenBank. After converting and assessing the quality of the reads with FastQC, assembly was performed using SPAdes v3.15.2 and contig evaluation through QUAST v5.0.2. Multilocus sequence type (MLST) genomic profiles were identified with PubMLST, and we searched for resistance genes using AMRFinderPlus. Finally, we analyzed gene patterns and gene absence/presence by MCA using Stata v17 and R studio. A total of 11 genomes had a total of seven mutations in genes associated with resistance to four antibiotic families, including glpT(E448) for fosfomycin, pmrB (Y358) for colistin, gyrA(S83L) and parC_S57T for quinolones, blaTEM (C32T) for amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam, and cyaA(S352T) for fosmidomycin. Proximal relationships were evaluated for the presence/absence of genes that included blaTEM , catA1, sul1, qnrB19, tetA, and mphA genes. Our study is the first to describe gene mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance in E. coli genomes from a pediatric population in a community in Lima, Peru.

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